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QUESTION 21

- (Topic 2)
Which of the following describes a technique in which a number of processor units are employed in a single computer system to increase the performance of the system in its application environment above the performance of a single processor of the same kind?

  1. A. Multitasking
  2. B. Multiprogramming
  3. C. Pipelining
  4. D. Multiprocessing

Correct Answer: D
Multiprocessing is an organizational technique in which a number of processor units are employed in a single computer system to increase the performance of the system in its application environment above the performance of a single processor of the same kind. In order to cooperate on a single application or class of applications, the processors share a common resource. Usually this resource is primary memory, and the multiprocessor is called a primary memory multiprocessor. A system in which each processor has a private (local) main memory and shares secondary (global) memory with the others is a secondary memory multiprocessor, sometimes called a multicomputer system because of the looser coupling between processors. The more common multiprocessor systems incorporate only processors of the same type and performance and thus are called homogeneous multiprocessors; however, heterogeneous multiprocessors are also employed. A special case is the attached processor, in which a second processor module is attached to a first processor in a closely coupled fashion so that the first can perform input/output and operating system functions, enabling the attached processor to concentrate on the application workload.
The following were incorrect answers:
Multiprogramming: The interleaved execution of two or more programs by a computer, in which the central processing unit executes a few instructions from each program in succession.
Multitasking: The concurrent operation by one central processing unit of two or more processes.
Pipelining: A procedure for processing instructions in a computer program more rapidly, in which each instruction is divided into numerous small stages, and a population of instructions are in various stages at any given time. One instruction does not have to wait for the previous one to complete all of the stages before it gets into the pipeline. It would be similiar to an assembly chain in the real world.
References:
TIPTON, Hal, (ISC)2, Introduction to the CISSP Exam presentation. http://www.answers.com/QUESTION NO: /multiprocessing?cat=technology
http://www.answers.com/multitasking?cat=biz-fin http://www.answers.com/pipelining?cat=technology

QUESTION 22

- (Topic 4)
What is a hot-site facility?

  1. A. A site with pre-installed computers, raised flooring, air conditioning, telecommunications and networking equipment, and UPS.
  2. B. A site in which space is reserved with pre-installed wiring and raised floors.
  3. C. A site with raised flooring, air conditioning, telecommunications, and networking equipment, and UPS.
  4. D. A site with ready made work space with telecommunications equipment, LANs, PCs, and terminals for work groups.

Correct Answer: A
Source: TIPTON, Hal, (ISC)2, Introduction to the CISSP Exam presentation.

QUESTION 23

- (Topic 6)
What attack involves the perpetrator sending spoofed packet(s) wich contains the same destination and source IP address as the remote host, the same port for the source and destination, having the SYN flag, and targeting any open ports that are open on the remote host?

  1. A. Boink attack
  2. B. Land attack
  3. C. Teardrop attack
  4. D. Smurf attack

Correct Answer: B
The Land attack involves the perpetrator sending spoofed packet(s) with the SYN flag set to the victim's machine on any open port that is listening. The packet(s) contain the same destination and source IP address as the host, causing the victim's machine to reply to itself repeatedly. In addition, most systems experience a total freeze up, where as CTRL-ALT-DELETE fails to work, the mouse and keyboard become non operational and the only method of correction is to reboot via a reset button on the system or by turning the machine off.
The Boink attack, a modified version of the original Teardrop and Bonk exploit programs, is very similar to the Bonk attack, in that it involves the perpetrator sending corrupt UDP packets to the host. It however allows the attacker to attack multiple ports where Bonk was mainly directed to port 53 (DNS).
The Teardrop attack involves the perpetrator sending overlapping packets to the victim, when their machine attempts to re-construct the packets the victim's machine hangs.
A Smurf attack is a network-level attack against hosts where a perpetrator sends a large amount of ICMP echo (ping) traffic at broadcast addresses, all of it having a spoofed source address of a victim. If the routing device delivering traffic to those broadcast addresses performs the IP broadcast to layer 2 broadcast function, most hosts on that IP network will take the ICMP echo request and reply to it with an echo reply each, multiplying the traffic by the number of hosts responding. On a multi-access broadcast network, there could potentially be hundreds of machines to reply to each packet.
Resources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denial-of-service_attack http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LAND

QUESTION 24

- (Topic 5)
What attribute is included in a X.509-certificate?

  1. A. Distinguished name of the subject
  2. B. Telephone number of the department
  3. C. secret key of the issuing CA
  4. D. the key pair of the certificate holder

Correct Answer: A
RFC 2459 : Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and CRL Profile; GUTMANN, P., X.509 style guide; SMITH, Richard E., Internet Cryptography, 1997, Addison-Wesley Pub Co.

QUESTION 25

- (Topic 1)
Logical or technical controls involve the restriction of access to systems and the protection of information. Which of the following statements pertaining to these types of controls is correct?

  1. A. Examples of these types of controls include policies and procedures, securityawareness training, background checks, work habit checks but do not include a review of vacation history, and also do not include increased supervision.
  2. B. Examples of these types of controls do not include encryption, smart cards, access lists, and transmission protocols.
  3. C. Examples of these types of controls are encryption, smart cards, access lists, and transmission protocols.
  4. D. Examples of these types of controls include policies and procedures, security awareness training, background checks, work habit checks, a review of vacation history, and increased supervision.

Correct Answer: C
Logical or technical controls involve the restriction of access to systems and the protection of information. Examples of these types of controls are encryption, smart cards, access lists, and transmission protocols.
Source: KRUTZ, Ronald L. & VINES, Russel D., The CISSP Prep Guide: Mastering the Ten Domains of Computer Security, 2001, John Wiley & Sons, Page 33.

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